Launch of the National Rectal Cancer Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy Guidance

Randomised trials have shown that preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer reduces the risk of locoregional recurrence when delivered either form a 1 week short course or long treatment combined with concurrent chemotherapy [1–6]. However, may also be associated long-term, treatment-related toxicity [7–10]. Compared three-dimensional conformal (3D-CRT), intensity-modulated (IMRT) has potential to deliver superior target dose conformality and homogeneity escalation including delivery simultaneous integrated boost while decreasing doses organs at (OAR), especially small bowel, which might result reduction early late toxicities [11–20].